Republicans and Democrats offered sharply divergent arguments on Monday (Oct 12) in a Supreme Court confirmation fight whose outcome is likely to steer the court to the right for years, vying to define Judge Amy Coney Barrett and frame the political stakes of President Donald Trump's rush to install her before he faces voters.
In a marathon day of opening statements, Democrats assailed Barrett as a conservative ideologue who would overturn the Affordable Care Act and abortion rights, and whose nomination amounted to an illegitimate power grab by a president in the last days before the election.
Republicans steered clear of addressing Barrett's anticipated effect on the court, instead promoting her sterling qualifications and accusing Democrats of unjustly attacking her because of her Catholic faith.
Barrett, a previous Notre Dame law professor, appeals court judge and mother of seven, sat in silence for much of the day; her expressions were rendered unreadable by a plain black mask she had donned in accordance with the Senate Judiciary Committee's coronavirus protocol.
When it was her turn to speak, she tried to avoid being pulled into the political or policy fray.
"Courts are not designed to solve every problem or right every wrong in our public life," Barrett said. "The policy decisions and value judgments of government must be made by the political branches elected by and accountable to the people. The public should not expect courts to do so, and courts should not try."
The two parties' dueling approaches reflected how the confirmation hearingsa combustible endeavor in normal timesare being shaped and charged by the looming election unfolding during a pandemic.
With Republicans confident they had the votes to confirm Barrett and cement a lasting 6-3 conservative majority on the Supreme Court, they sought to energise their base by portraying Democrats' opposition to Barrett as anti-religion while reassuring wary moderates by highlighting her status as a working mother who had risen to the highest echelons of the law.
"This is probably not about persuading each other unless something really dramatic happens," Senator Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., the committee's chairman, said as he opened the hearing. "All the Republicans will vote yes; all the Democrats will vote no." Republicans were so confident that they announced they would expedite an already accelerated undertaking by starting the process of voting in the Judiciary Committee on Thursday morning, before the final day of confirmation hearings wraps up.
Democrats, returning to the issue that helped them win control of the House in the 2018 midterm elections, focused relentlessly on what Barrett's confirmation could mean for the health care law, which Trump and Republicans have pressed to repeal.
They filled the hearing room with large posters of Americans who had benefited from the Affordable Care Act, including its protections for preexisting medical conditions, and offered anecdotes to illustrate what voters had to lose should it be invalidated, as the Trump administration is arguing it should be.
"The truth is, America, that this judicial nominee has made her view so clear, and this president is trying to put herself in a position of power to make decisions about your lives," said Senator Amy Klobuchar, D-Minn.
"The Affordable Care Act protects you from getting kicked off of your insurance. That is on the line."
Barrett, appearing in the hearing room with six of her seven children and her husband, seated behind her, stressed her impartiality and her personal story. Americans "deserve an independent Supreme Court," she said in a brief statement.
She invoked the memory of her mentor, the archconservative Justice Antonin Scalia, leaving little doubt about her adherence to a strict judicial philosophy that has most often led her to conservative legal opinions.
At 48, Barrett could sit on the court for decades, with the potential to bolster a conservative majority that could have broad effects on American life, including civil rights, the powers of businesses, the ability of the government to regulate them and myriad other issues. For all the partisan rancor, senators raised no doubts about her credentials.
The hearing, playing out during a pandemic that has killed nearly 215,000 Americans, was historic in other ways.
It was the first Supreme Court hearing to feature videoconferencing, with a handful of senators, including Kamala Harris of California, the Democratic nominee for VP, participating remotely and underscoring the risk of infection. Democrats sought to capitalise on the juxtaposition, raging against Republicans' insistence on holding a hearing in the middle of a deadly pandemic that has sickened the president and at least two Republican members of the committee after they attended the White House event that Trump held the previous month to present Barrett as his nominee.
One of those members, Senator Mike Lee of Utah, attended the hearing in person, prompting concerns although he presented a doctor's note clearing him to be in public. Graham, for his part, refused to be retested, saying it was not necessary.
Harris was one of the Democrats who led the charge. She argued that Republicans should drop the hearings to give Americans what polls show they overwhelmingly want: an economic stimulus bill to help the millions of unemployed workers and small-business owners who are struggling.
But Democrats spent a majority of their time on the Affordable Care Act, reducing Barrett's confirmation to a single issue: the future of the health law that has expanded coverage for millions of Americans and grown more popular despite Republican attempts to repeal it. Dredging up her past legal writings, they argued that the judge, if confirmed, would be the decisive vote to strike down the health care law when the Supreme Court hears a challenge backed by the Trump administration days after the election.
"To be honest about this, this president has never suffered an unuttered thought," said Senator Richard J. Durbin, D-Ill. "It's clear that he wants this Supreme Court to eliminate the Affordable Care Act. This is his litmus test."
An irritated Trump appeared to be watching from the White House, where he is still recovering from his own case of the virus, offering commentary as the day wore on. In several cases, it was not entirely helpful to Republicans.
In one Twitter post, sent not long after Graham explained why it was important for Barrett to face a thorough, bipartisan vetting, the president said Republicans were giving Democrats too much time "to make their self serving statements relative to our great new future Supreme Court Justice."
He suggested cutting off the hearing and approving "STIMULUS for the people!!!"
A few Republicans tried to fend off the health care-related charges. Senator Charles E. Grassley of Iowa, the committee's previous chairman, said Democrats were basing their attacks on a legal argument Barrett had made about a different portion of the law than the one currently in question.
"The legal questions before the court this fall are entirely separate," he said.
For the most part, though, Republicans largely bypassed the policy implications of the court's rightward tilt in favor of Barrett's personal story. Trailing in the polls, they were working to use the confirmation fight to stoke enthusiasm among their base but also coax back independent voters, especially women, who are abandoning the party in droves.
Because no Democrat has raised Barrett's religious beliefs since her nomination to the Supreme Court, he and other Senate Republicans repeatedly cited the 2017 hearing on her nomination for an appeals court seat, when some Democrats questioned whether she could set aside personal beliefs rooted in her religion to rule impartially.
"This committee is not in the business of deciding whether 'the dogma lives too loudly' within somebody," said Sasse, referring to a comment by Sen. Dianne Feinstein of California during that proceeding.